دستورات خط فرمان لینوکس برای پیکر بندی از راه دور بصورت ریموت و مدیریت سرور بسیار پر کاربرد می باشد . و یکی از توانایی های مدیران شبکه استفاده از  خط فرمان جهت پیکربندی و مدیریت سرور لینوکس می باشد . در ادامه مطلب  نام دستورات بهمراه توضیحات مختصری در مورد آن دستور آمده است.
برای آگاهی از فرمت دستور و  سووییچ های آن کافی است نام دستور بصورت زیر در ترمینال تایپ کنید
نام دستور  -h                         

adduser -h                                : برای مثال                                                                           

The Bash Command Line for Linux


A

  adduser     Add a user to the system

 

  addgroup   Add a group to the system

 

  alias    Create an alias •

 

  apropos     Search Help manual pages

 

  apt-get       Search for and install software packages  for Debian/Ubuntu

 

  aptitude     Search for and install software packages for Debian/Ubuntu

 

  aspell      Spell Checker

 

  awk        Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index

 

B

 

  Basename     Strip directory and suffix from filenames

 

  bash      GNU Bourne-Again SHell

 

  bc         Arbitrary precision calculator language

 

  bg        Send to background

 

  break    Exit from a loop •

  

  builtin      Run a shell builtin

 

  bzip2       Compress or decompress named files

 

C

 

  cal      Display a calendar

 

  case     Conditionally perform a command

 

  cat      Display the contents of a file

 

  cd       Change Directory

 

  cfdisk   Partition table manipulator for Linux

 

  chgrp    Change group ownership

 

  chmod    Change access permissions

 

  chown    Change file owner and group

 

  chroot     Run a command with a different root directory

 

  chkconfig     System services - runlevel

 

  cksum       Print CRC checksum and byte counts

 

  clear        Clear terminal screen

 

  cmp      Compare two files

 

  comm     Compare two sorted files line by line

 

  command   Run a command - ignoring shell functions •

 

  continue    Resume the next iteration of a loop •

 

  cp        Copy one or more files to another location

 

  cron     Daemon to execute scheduled commands

 

  crontab  Schedule a command to run at a later time

 

  csplit   Split a file into context-determined pieces

 

  cut      Divide a file into several parts

 

D

 

  date     Display or change the date & time

 

  dc       Desk Calculator

 

  dd       Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records

 

  ddrescue    Data recovery tool

 

  declare     Declare variables and give them attributes •

 

  df       Display free disk space

 

  diff     Display the differences between two files

 

  diff3    Show differences among three files

 

  dig      DNS lookup

 

  dir      Briefly list directory contents

 

  dircolors      Colour setup for  ls

 

  dirname      Convert a full pathname to just a path

 

  dirs       Display list of remembered directories

 

  dmesg     Print kernel & driver messages

 

  du         Estimate file space usage

 

E

 

  echo     Display message on screen •

 

  egrep    Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression

 

  eject    Eject removable media

 

  enable   Enable and disable builtin shell commands •

 

  env      Environment variables

 

  ethtool  Ethernet card settings

 

  eval     Evaluate several commands/arguments

 

  exec     Execute a command

 

  exit     Exit the shell

 

  expect   Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal

 

  expand   Convert tabs to spaces

 

  export   Set an environment variable

 

  expr     Evaluate expressions

 

F

 

  false    Do nothing, unsuccessfully

 

  fdformat  Low-level format a floppy disk

 

  fdisk    Partition table manipulator for Linux

 

  fg       Send job to foreground

 

  fgrep    Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string

 

  file     Determine file type

 

  find     Search for files that meet a desired criteria

 

  fmt      Reformat paragraph text

 

  fold     Wrap text to fit a specified width

 

  for      Expand words, and execute commands

 

  format   Format disks or tapes

 

  free     Display memory usage

 

  fsck     File system consistency check and repair

 

  ftp      File Transfer Protocol

 

  function   Define Function Macros

 

  fuser    Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file

 

G

 

  gawk     Find and Replace text within files

 

  getopts  Parse positional parameters

 

  grep     Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern

 

  groups   Print group names a user is in

 

  gzip     Compress or decompress named file(s)

 

H

 

  hash     Remember the full pathname of a name argument

 

  head     Output the first part of files

 

  help     Display help for a built-in command •

 

  history  Command History

 

  hostname  Print or set system name

 

I

 

  iconv    Convert the character set of a file

 

  id       Print user and group id's

 

  if       Conditionally perform a command

 

  ifconfig  Configure a network interface

 

  ifdown   Stop a network interface

 

  ifup     Start a network interface up

 

  import   Capture an X server screen and save the image to file

 

  install  Copy files and set attributes

 

J

 

  jobs     List active jobs •

 

  join     Join lines on a common field

 

K

 

  kill     Stop a process from running

 

  killall   Kill processes by name

 

L

 

  less     Display output one screen at a time

 

  let      Perform arithmetic on shell variables •

 

  ln       Make links between files

 

  local    Create variables •

 

  locate   Find files

 

  logname  Print current login name

 

  logout   Exit a login shell •

 

  look     Display lines beginning with a given string

 

  lpc      Line printer control program

 

  lpr      Off line print

 

  lprint   Print a file

 

  lprintd  Abort a print job

 

  lprintq  List the print queue

 

  lprm     Remove jobs from the print queue

 

  ls       List information about files

 

  lsof     List open files

 

M

 

  make     Recompile a group of programs

 

  man      Help manual

 

  mkdir    Create new folders

 

  mkfifo   Make FIFOs - named pipes

 

  mkisofs  Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem

 

  mknod    Make block or character special files

 

  more     Display output one screen at a time

 

  mount    Mount a file system

 

  mtools   Manipulate MS-DOS files

 

  mtr      Network diagnostics -traceroute/ping

 

  mv       Move or rename files or directories

 

  mmv      Mass Move and rename files

 

N

 

  netstat  Networking information

 

  nice     Set the priority of a command or job

 

  nl       Number lines and write files

 

  nohup    Run a command immune to hangups

 

  notify-send   Send desktop notifications

 

  nslookup  Query Internet name servers interactively

 

O

 

  open     Open a file in its default application

 

  op       Operator access

 

P

 

  passwd   Modify a user password

 

  paste    Merge lines of files

 

  pathchk   Check file name portability

 

  ping     Test a network connection

 

  pkill    Stop processes from running

 

  popd     Restore the previous value of the current directory

 

  pr       Prepare files for printing

 

  printcap     Printer capability database

 

  printenv    Print environment variables

 

  printf      Format and print data •

 

  ps       Process status

 

  pushd      Save and then change the current directory

 

  pwd         Print Working Directory

 

Q

 

  quota      Display disk usage and limits

 

  quotacheck     Scan a file system for disk usage

 

  quotactl      Set disk quotas

 

R

 

  ram      ram disk device

 

  rcp      Copy files between two machines

 

  read     Read a line from standard input •

 

  readarray     Read from stdin into an array variable •

 

  readonly     Mark variables/functions as readonly

 

  reboot     Reboot the system

 

  rename     Rename files

 

  renice     Alter priority of running processes

 

  remsync     Synchronize remote files via email

 

  return     Exit a shell function

 

  rev      Reverse lines of a file

 

  rm       Remove files

 

  rmdir     Remove folders

 

  rsync     Remote file copy Synchronize file trees

 

S

 

  screen    Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh

 

  scp       Secure copy - remote file copy

  

  sdiff     Merge two files interactively

 

  sed      Stream Editor

 

  select    Accept keyboard input

 

  seq      Print numeric sequences

 

  set      Manipulate shell variables and functions

 

  sftp     Secure File Transfer Program

 

  shift    Shift positional parameters

 

  shopt    Shell Options

 

  shutdown  Shutdown or restart linux

 

  sleep    Delay for a specified time

 

  slocate  Find files

 

  sort     Sort text files

 

  source   Run commands from a file

 

  split    Split a file into fixed-size pieces

 

  ssh      Secure Shell client - remote login program

 

  strace   Trace system calls and signals

 

  su       Substitute user identity

 

  sudo     Execute a command as another user

 

  sum      Print a checksum for a file

 

  suspend  Suspend execution of this shell •

 

  symlink  Make a new name for a file

 

  sync     Synchronize data on disk with memory

 

T

 

  tail      Output the last part of files

 

  tar      Tape ARchiver

 

  tee      Redirect output to multiple files

 

  test     Evaluate a conditional expression

 

  time     Measure Program running time

 

  times    User and system times

 

  touch    Change file timestamps

 

  top       List processes running on the system

 

  traceroute    Trace Route to Host

 

  trap      Run a command when a signal is set - bourne

 

  tr         Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters

 

  true     Do nothing, successfully

 

  tsort    Topological sort

 

  tty        Print filename of terminal on stdin

 

  type     Describe a command •

 

U

 

  ulimit    Limit user resources •

 

  umask    Users file creation mask

 

  umount   Unmount a device

 

  unalias  Remove an alias •

 

  uname    Print system information

 

  unexpand  Convert spaces to tabs

 

  uniq     Uniquify files

 

  units    Convert units from one scale to another

 

  unset    Remove variable or function names

 

  unshar   Unpack shell archive scripts

 

  until    Execute commands - until error

 

  useradd   Create new user account

 

  usermod  Modify user account

 

  users     List users currently logged in

 

  uuencode    Encode a binary file

 

  uudecode    Decode a file created by uuencode

 

V

 

         Verbosely list directory contents   ls -l -b

 

  vdir     Verbosely list directory contents   ls -l -b

 

  vi       Text Editor

 

  vmstat    Report virtual memory statistics

 

W

 

  watch    Execute/display a program periodically

 

  wc       Print byte, word, and line counts

 

  whereis  Search the user's $path, man pages and source files for a program

 

  which    Search the user's $path for a program file

 

  while    Execute commands

 

  who      Print all usernames currently logged in

 

  whoami   Print the current user id and name  id -un

 

  Wget     Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP

 

  write    Send a message to another user

 

X

 

  xargs    Execute utility, passing constructed argument lists

 

  xdg-open    Open a file or URL in the user's preferred application

 

  yes      Print a string until interrupted

 

           Run a command script in the current shell         .  

 

        Comment / Remark    ### 

 

Commands marked • are bash built-ins, these are available under all shells.